Research+in+CLOA

Explain how the CLOA may be demonstrated in research. ** The Principles of CLOA in Research ** 1) Mental processes guide behaviour. 3) Cognitive processes are influenced by social and cultural factors
 * Bartlett: schema theory was tested by telling participants the **War of Ghosts** story and then asked to reproduce it. It was found that as the participants had to repeat the story several times, it became shorter, simpler and more conventional. This was their brain shortening, simplifying and normalising the story to what the participants were used to.
 * 2) The mind can be studied scientifically
 * Kandel: STM and LTM (short and long term memory) are located in synapses. Therefore, the lesioning of animals' neural networks in the hippocampus resulted in reduced memorising capabilities (ability to find it's way through a maze).
 * Martinez & Kezner: the role of acetylcholine on memory. Teaching mice a route through a maze, and then injecting them with acetylcholene inhibitors or increasers to determine how this affects their memory of the maze.
 * Image: Diagram of a synapse, one way of scientifically observing the mind and cognitive processes.
 * Cole & Scribner: how schooling affects memory recall ability. Asking US-raised children to memorize sets of words, and asking Kpelle tribe Liberian children to remember equally familiar words. Westernly educated children recalled words much more easily, and used techniques such as "chunking".

Discuss how and why particular methods are used by cognitive researchers.

= A range of research methods are used in CLOA. Often, methodological triangulation is used to optimize reliability. =


 * 1) ===** Lab Studies: ** Changing variables in order to find correlational relationships in cognition and behaviour. Example: Loftus and Palmer===
 * 2) === Brain Imaging Techniques: Using PET and MRI to see what happens in the brain during cognitive processes. Example: Mosconi (2005) finding links between Alzheimer's disease and brain function===
 * 3) === Field Experiments: Conducting experiments with more ecological validity, yet less control over variables (more possibility for confounds). Example: Cole &b Scribner===
 * 4) === Case Studies: Analysing information that has been recorded in the past, possibly with new knowledge or aims. Examples: HM, Clive Wearing, Phineas Gage.===

Bibliography: Image: Kimberley. "Stock Photo - Human Nerve Cell Synapse Receptor with a Human Head and Brain and a Magnification of an Anatomy Detail Showing the Biological Function of Neurons or Neurological and Cognitive Function on a White Background." //123RF Stock Photos //. Stock Photos, July 2012. Web. 03 Oct. 2013. .